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Biotechnology and Applied Biochemistry (2007) 47, (71–84) (Printed in Great Britain)
Review article
Metabolomics as a complementary tool in cell culture
Soo Hean Gary Khoo* and Mohamed Al-Rubeai†1
*Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, U.K., and †School of Chemical and Bioprocess Engineering, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Republic of Ireland
Key words: cell culture, metabolism, metabolite analysis, metabolomics, systems biology. Abbreviations used: CE, capillary electrophoresis; ESI, electrospray ionization; EST, expressed sequence tag; FT-ICR, Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance; FTIR, Fourier-transform infrared; HCA, hierarchical cluster analysis; ICA, independent component analysis; LC, liquid chromatography; MST, mass-spectral tag; NIR, near infrared; NLM, non-linear mapping; PAD, photodiode array detection; PCA, principal component analysis; PLS-DA, partial least squares-discriminant analysis; SBML, systems biology markup language; SOM, self-organizing map; TOF, time-of-flight; UPLC, ultra-performance liquid chromatography. 1To whom correspondence should be addressed (email m.al-rubeai@ucd.ie). Metabolomics, the ‘global’ study of metabolite changes in a biological system, has drawn a significant amount of interest over the last few years. It can be said to be an amalgam of traditional areas such as metabolite analysis, bioanalytical development and chemometrics. Thus, piecing these areas together into the cohesive science of metabolome analysis has proved to be difficult. Most work to date has been focused on plant, microbial, as well as tissue and biofluid samples. However, the diverse potential of metabolomics in many fields, including cell engineering, has made it a universal tool for industrial, medical and research purposes. It is also a vital component of a ‘systems biology’ approach, as it is believed to be a good reflection of the phenotype of any cell or tissue. At the heart of metabolomics’ growth is the issue of method development, including sample preparation, instrument analysis, data processing and bioinformatics. Here, we look at the cell-culture applications of metabolomics and the issues that can transform metabolomics into a mature ‘omics’ science. Received 3 November 2006/8 February 2007; accepted 20 March 2007 Published on the Internet 18 May 2007, doi:10.1042/BA20060221 © 2007 Portland Press Ltd |
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